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March 5, 2010
by Andrey Dashkov,
Casey’s International Speculator
For many investors, Colombia remains a grey spot on their
mental maps of South America. La Violencia, the 50-year
dark age in its recent past, came to an end with the close of the
20th century. But the memories are fresh, and the impact on the
local economy and international perceptions of the country lingers.
This reputation still prevents most foreigners from investigating
Colombia’s potential – and that spells opportunity.
For those curious and courageous enough to see Colombia as
a new frontier, early speculations are starting to yield big
rewards. The country has abundant natural resources, including gold,
silver, copper, coal, oil, gas, and more, a good deal of which
remains underexplored.
But is it safe to explore for gold in a place distant from
other relatively stable regions and drill in areas formerly held by
AK47-toting guerillas?
That’s a good question. Truth be told, the country is still
far from being as secure a place for mining companies as some of its
Latin American peers, like Mexico or Chile. That said, our own Louis
James visited Colombia in ’08 and ‘09 and saw marked improvement in
the country. Kicking rocks in remote areas formerly controlled by
the infamous paramilitary groups advancing their Marxist ideals, he
saw scars left by the violence, but no sign of any current danger.
The critical factor is that there is huge support for
President Alvaro Uribe, whom Colombians of all political stripes
credit with ending the violence and jump-starting the country’s
economy. Uribe’s second term will end this year, and it’s not yet
known if he’ll be able to serve a third, as this will require a
constitutional change. But it appears highly probable that either
the amendment will be approved or a hand-picked protégé will get his
nod for election, keeping Colombia on the path to recovery.
Indeed, as many of its neighbors have made hard Left turns,
Colombia is rapidly becoming a bright spot in Latin America with its
more free-market approach to its economy. Uribe’s support of private
initiative and market institutions, evident in the reforms he
engineered, has resulted in impressive economic progress since he
took office. Let’s take a brief look at the numbers.
The Colombian economy has fared better than its Latin
American peer group. Much of the growth was sponsored by foreign
investment, the rate of which decreased as the liquidity crisis
unfolded. Nonetheless, foreign investment sows the seeds of future
growth, as opposed to foreign aid, which simply wastes money and
fosters dependence. Uribe has done a good job in this area,
attracting US$8.6 billion gross foreign direct investment (FDI) in
2009.
As shown in the chart below, more than a third of total
2009 FDI in Colombia was in the mining sector, and almost another
third was in the oil sector. It’s still early days, but with nearly
two-thirds of FDI targeting the resource sector, clearly, there’s
momentum building in these industries in Colombia.

Another indicator of things turning around is the
increasing flow of tourists to Colombia. In 2009, the country
attracted more than 1.3 million visitors, outpacing its neighbors by
quite a margin.

More business means more jobs. Although almost half of the
country’s population still lives below the poverty line, the
situation has been improving since 2002.

Colombia has been recognized as one of the best
pro-business reformers globally in recent years by the World Bank.
We're not big fans of the World Bank here at
Casey’s International Speculator, but the striking performance
of Colombia in its most recent “Doing Business” report probably
means something. Colombia's international ranking improved by a
whopping 42 positions from 2007 to 2010, far beyond the improvement
of any other Latin American country.

Another relevant indicator taken from the Doing Business
report is the “Investor Protection” parameter. Good news for
Colombia: the country is rated fifth globally, leaving its peers in
the dust.

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